@naval的40条致富经：如何（不靠运气）变得富有

How to Get Rich (without getting lucky):

如何（不靠运气）变得富有:

Seek wealth, not money or status. Wealth is having assets that earn while you sleep. Money is how we transfer time and wealth. Status is your place in the social hierarchy.

寻求财富，而不是钱或者身份。财富是拥有你在睡觉的时候都能挣钱的资产。钱是我们用来转移时间和财富的东西。身份是你在社会层级中所处的位置。

Understand that ethical wealth creation is possible. If you secretly despise wealth, it will elude you.

懂得创造道德的财富是可能的。如果你暗地里轻视财富，财富就会躲着你。

Ignore people playing status games. They gain status by attacking people playing wealth creation games.

忽视那些玩身份游戏的人。他们通过攻击玩财富创造游戏的人来获得“身份”。

You’re not going to get rich renting out your time. You must own equity — a piece of a business — to gain your financial freedom.

你不会通过出租你的时间变得富有。你必须拥有资产 — — 一个生意的一部分 — — 来收获你的财务自由。

You will get rich by giving society what it wants but does not yet know how to get. At scale.

通过规模化地给予社会所需要，但还不知道如何得到的东西，你会变得富有。

Pick an industry where you can play long term games with long term people.

选取一个你可以和“长期的人”进行“长期游戏”的行业。

The Internet has massively broadened the possible space of careers. Most people haven’t figured this out yet.

互联网已经大大地拓宽了职业空间。大部分人还没有理解这一点。

Play iterated games. All the returns in life, whether in wealth, relationships, or knowledge, come from compound interest.

进行重复博弈。无论是财富，关系还是知识，生活中所有的回报都来自于复利。

Pick business partners with high intelligence, energy, and, above all, integrity.

选择高度聪明，有能量的，以及正直这一高于所有其它因素的人，作为商业伙伴。

Don’t partner with cynics and pessimists. Their beliefs are self-fulfilling.

不要和愤世嫉俗者以及悲观主义者合伙，他们的信念会自我实现的。

Learn to sell. Learn to build. If you can do both, you will be unstoppable.

学习销售，学习创建。如果两个你都能做，你是不可阻挡的。

Arm yourself with specific knowledge, accountability, and leverage.

用“特种知识”，“靠得住”，以及“影响力”来武装你自己。

Specific knowledge is knowledge that you cannot be trained for. If society can train you, it can train someone else, and replace you.

“特种知识”是你不能通过培训得到的知识。如果社会可以培训你，它也可以培训其他人来取代你。

Specific knowledge is found by pursuing your genuine curiosity and passion rather than whatever is hot right now.

“特种知识”是通过追求你真正的好奇心和激情，而不是现在热门的东西被找到的。

Building specific knowledge will feel like play to you but will look like work to others.

构建“特种知识”对你来说好像是玩游戏，但是对其他人来说看起来像工作。

When specific knowledge is taught, it’s through apprenticeships, not schools.

“特种知识”是通过学徒制，而不是学校被教会的。

Specific knowledge is often highly technical or creative. It cannot be outsourced or automated.

“特种知识”通常是有着高度技术性或者创造性的，它不能被外包出去或者被自动化掉。

Embrace accountability, and take business risks under your own name. Society will reward you with responsibility, equity, and leverage.

拥抱问责，并把商业风险放在你自己的名下。社会会以责任，资产和影响力来回报你。

The most accountable people have singular, public, and risky brands: Oprah, Trump, Kanye, Elon.

最靠得住的人有着奇异地，公开的，冒险性的品牌：奥普拉，川普，凯恩，马斯克

“Give me a lever long enough, and a place to stand, and I will move the earth.” — Archimedes

“给我一个足够长的杠杆，一个立足之地，我就可以撬动地球” — — 阿基米德

Fortunes require leverage. Business leverage comes from capital, people, and products with no marginal cost of replication (code and media).

财富需要杠杆，商业杠杆来自于资本，人以及没有边际成本就可以复制的产品（代码和媒体）。

Capital means money. To raise money, apply your specific knowledge, with accountability, and show resulting good judgment.

资本指的是钱。用上你的特种知识，承担责任，并展示出好的判断力来募集钱。

Labor means people working for you. It’s the oldest and most fought-over form of leverage. Labor leverage will impress your parents, but don’t waste your life chasing it.

劳动力是为你工作的人。这是最古老的，以及最具争议的杠杆形式。劳动力杠杆会让你的父母留下深刻印象，但是不要浪费你的生命来追逐它。

Capital and labor are permissioned leverage. Everyone is chasing capital, but someone has to give it to you. Everyone is trying to lead, but someone has to follow you.

资本和劳动力都是需要别人允许的杠杆。每个人都在追逐资本，但是需要有某个人把它给你。每个人都在尝试领导，但是需要有某个人来追随你。

Code and media are permissionless leverage. They’re the leverage behind the newly rich. You can create software and media that works for you while you sleep.

代码和媒体是无需别人允许的杠杆。它们是“新富”们背后的杠杆，你可以通过创造软件和媒体内容，让它们在你睡觉的时候仍然为你工作。

An army of robots is freely available — it’s just packed in data centers for heat and space efficiency. Use it.

有一个机器人大军可以免费得到 — — 它只是因为需要散热和太占地方而被放在数据中心里了，把它们用起来。

If you can’t code, write books and blogs, record videos and podcasts.

如果你不会写代码，写书或者博客，录制视频或者播客。

Leverage is a force multiplier for your judgement.

影响力是你的判断力的力量乘数。

Judgement requires experience, but can be built faster by learning foundational skills.

判断力需要经验，但是可以通过学习基础技能更快地建立。

There is no skill called “business.” Avoid business magazines and business classes.

从没有一种技能叫做“商业”，避开商业杂志和商业课程。

Study microeconomics, game theory, psychology, persuasion, ethics, mathematics, and computers.

学习微观经济学，博弈论，心理学，说服力，伦理学，数学以及计算机。

Reading is faster than listening. Doing is faster than watching.

读比听快，做比看快。

You should be too busy to “do coffee,” while still keeping an uncluttered calendar.

你应该忙得没空“喝个咖啡”，但是仍然能够保持不让日程表支离破碎。

Set and enforce an aspirational personal hourly rate. If fixing a problem will save less than your hourly rate, ignore it. If outsourcing a task will cost less than your hourly rate, outsource it.

设立并强制实施一个有雄心的个人时薪。如果解决一个问题能够省下的低于你的时薪，忽视它。如果外包一个任务的成本低于你的时薪，外包掉。

Work as hard as you can. Even though who you work with and what you work on are more important than how hard you work.

尽你全力努力工作，即使你和谁一起工作以及工作内容比你有多努力更加重要。

Become the best in the world at what you do. Keep redefining what you do until this is true.

在你所做的事情上做到全世界最好，持续重新定义你所做的事情直到这成为事实。

There are no get rich quick schemes. That’s just someone else getting rich off you.

没有快速致富的方案，那种方案只是让别人从你身上发财。

Apply specific knowledge, with leverage, and eventually you will get what you deserve.

通过杠杆应用你的“特种知识”，最终你会得到你所应得的。

When you’re finally wealthy, you’ll realize that it wasn’t what you were seeking in the first place. But that’s for another day.

当你最终变得富有，你会意识到这不是一开始你寻找的位置。但那是新的一天了。

Summary: Productize Yourself.

最后，Naval提供了一句话的总结 —— “总结：把你自己产品化”。